Ex-post Evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia. Final Report

1. The effectiveness and efficiency of the trade chapters of the Association Agreements;
2. The relevance of the trade chapters of the Association Agreements regarding current trade issues faced by the EU and the six partner countries;
3. The coherence of the trade chapters of the Association Agreements with the trade policy of the EU and the six partner countries.

The analysis investigated the trade performance between the EU and the six partner countries looking specifically at economic, social, and environmental aspects. We, in particular, looked also at the agricultural, textiles, machinery and chemical sectors in the partner countries and investigated issues such as gender equality and trade in environmental goods.

Overall, the evaluation found that the performance of the Euro-Med FTAs is largely in line with the objectives set for them but not all of the objectives have been reached to the same extent. Enforcement and implementation of the agreed FTAs are key for the achievement of their objectives and for the realisation of trade benefits, but the implementation status varies from one Euro-Med FTA to another. We also found that the Euro-Med FTAs have preserved the earlier market access concessions and in some cases created new opportunities for Euro-Med trade supporting the economic performance in both the EU and the partner countries. However, our analysis showed also the need to update these agreements as the effective Euro-Med tariff preferences have gradually eroded over time and the agreements currently do not include a trade and sustainable development chapter. In this regard, we have drafted recommendations for consideration in new trade negotiations, which have already started for Tunisia and Morocco and that may start later with Jordan and Egypt.

The full report, as well as an executive summary, can be found on the website of the European Commission: